We are reporting a case of 12 year old boy presenting to us as with obstructive voiding accompanying urinary tract infection and diagnosed as a case of posterior urethral valve (PUV) and Cowper syringocele. Up to our knowledge and search results from internet (pubmed, medline), there was no previous report in the literature regarding their association.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the genitourinary tract is a well-known entity. The majority of the literature characterizes IMT of the bladder as a benign, slow growing tumor in children. We present two cases of aggressive IMT. Although rhabdomyosarcoma is more common, IMT should remain within the differential diagnosis for any bladder mass found in a child or young adult. The diagnosis of IMT is important in preventing unnecessary diagnostic procedures and guiding the appropriate treatment.

Bladder stones account for approximately 5% of all urinary system stones and are prevalent among children living in poor or rural regions. The symptoms and findings in children with bladder stones are usually urgency, frequency, incontinence, dysuria, pyuria, difficulty voiding, and fever, small caliber of urinary stream, lower abdominal pain and urinary intermittency. Most bladder stones are composed of calcium oxalate, followed by calcium phosphate, and they are usually larger than 2.5 cm in diameter. We present a case of a larger-than 2.5-cm bladder stone in a child.

In nonpalpable testis cases, laparoscopically blind-ending vas deferens and testicular vessels prior to entering the internal ring is sufficient to diagnose a “vanishing” testis, which requires no further exploration. Laparoscopic identification of cord structures entering the internal ring is required the exploration of the inguinal canal to find a testis or to rule out a “vanishing” testis". However, the need for further investigation in cases that identified the blindending cord structures on inguinal canal is questioned. Herein, we present a case of the scrotal nubbin along with blind ending cord structures during inguinal exploration.

In children, any ureter greater than 7 mm in diameter is considered a megaureter based on measurements in fetuses greater than 30 weeks gestation and children <12 years. Primary megaureter (POM) is a result of a functional or anatomical abnormality involving the uretero-vesical junction. Although the endoscopic and surgical techniques to manage POM are successful, we thought that early intervention may cause to undesirable results.